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Pharmacology

Explore the complete collection by topic.

Pharmacology / 7 min

Monitoring tests during testosterone enanthate treatment

What testosterone, SHBG, haematocrit, PSA and other tests can show during prescribed treatment, and why timing and clinical context matter.

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Pharmacology / 7 min

How trenbolone enanthate affects androgen signalling

Androgen receptor binding, gene transcription and protein synthesis: what laboratory and animal research can establish about trenbolone.

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Pharmacology / 7 min

Metandienone and endogenous testosterone suppression

How metandienone affects the HPG axis, LH, FSH and sperm production, and why hormone recovery varies after use ends.

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Pharmacology / 6 min

Metenolone acetate and cardiovascular health

Potential effects on HDL, LDL, blood pressure and haematocrit, with a distinction between evidence for metenolone and broader androgen effects.

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Pharmacology / 7 min

Hexarelin: findings from human and animal studies

What small human studies and preclinical experiments show about hexarelin, growth hormone release and possible cardiovascular effects.

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Pharmacology / 7 min

Insulin and cardiovascular risk

The findings of ORIGIN, DEVOTE and other trials, plus the effects of hypoglycaemia on the heart, potassium and cardiac rhythm.

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Pharmacology / 7 min

Semaglutide and WADA rules

The distinction between the WADA Prohibited List and Monitoring Programme, and the health and product-quality risks athletes still need to consider.

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Pharmacology / 8 min

Dutasteride: medical indications and authorised uses

Why dutasteride is used for an enlarged prostate, how treatment is assessed and why it changes the interpretation of PSA results.

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Pharmacology / 8 min

Counterfeit S23: what laboratory testing reveals

What analyses of products sold as SARMs reveal about undeclared substances, inaccurate quantities and the limits of label claims.

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Pharmacology / 7 min

GHRP-2 and GHRP-6: mechanisms and adverse effects

Compare growth hormone release, appetite effects and other hormonal changes, with attention to the limitations of small, short studies.

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